The articles that follow is an attempt to identify the owners of 19 bottle-seal fragments from English glass wine bottles and to provide some insight into the practice of bottle-sealing.

Page 1 showing nine bottle-seal fragments from 17th and 18th century English glass wine bottles unearthed at the Colony of Avalon.

The nature of Newfoundland and Labrador's economy limited direct interaction between Indigenous groups and Europeans for much of the 17th and 18th centuries.

Page 5 of a sample of miscellaneous artifacts unearthed at the Colony of Avalon.

Page 4 of a sample of miscellaneous artifacts unearthed at the Colony of Avalon.

Page 1 of a sample of miscellaneous artifacts unearthed at the Colony of Avalon.

Page 6 of a sample of miscellaneous artifacts unearthed at the Colony of Avalon.

Page 6 of a sample of miscellaneous artifacts unearthed at the Colony of Avalon.

Page 3 of a sample of miscellaneous artifacts unearthed at the Colony of Avalon.

Page 2 of a sample of miscellaneous artifacts unearthed at the Colony of Avalon.

Page 5 of a small sample of pipe bowls, showing their pipemarks, and unearthed at the Colony of Avalon.

Page 4 of a small sample of pipe bowls, showing their pipemarks, and unearthed at the Colony of Avalon.

Page 1 of a small sample of pipe bowls, showing their pipemarks, and unearthed at the Colony of Avalon.

Page 6 of a small sample of pipe bowls, showing their pipemarks, and unearthed at the Colony of Avalon.

Page 3 of a small sample of pipe bowls, showing their pipemarks, and unearthed at the Colony of Avalon.

Page 2 of a small sample of pipe bowls, showing their pipemarks, and unearthed at the Colony of Avalon.

An introduction to a small sample of pipe bowls, showing their pipemarks, and unearthed at the Colony of Avalon.