The articles that follow is an attempt to identify the owners of 19 bottle-seal fragments from English glass wine bottles and to provide some insight into the practice of bottle-sealing.
Although the re-discovery of Newfoundland is credited to John Cabot, we know that as early as the 1480s, English ships were venturing into the unknown Atlantic Ocean.
The principal residence of Avalon, where Calvert and his family lived during the winter of 1628-29 and in which the Kirkes established their residence in 1638, has long been the object of archaeologists working at Ferryland.
Of the approximate one million artifacts excavated to date from the Ferryland archaeology site, at least a third of those are represented by ceramic sherds.
Each artifact or sample removed from the burial matrix of an excavation unit is described briefly on a field tag. Exact location, depth below surface, date of excavation and excavator's name are recorded on the tag.