A Beothuk conical wigwam.
After digging a shallow depression in the ground a framework of poles would have been erected and then covered with sheets of birch bark. Spruce boughs might have been placed around the perimeter for extra insulation. The excavated earth would then have been mounded around the outside edge of the wigwam.

Reproduced by permission of the Department of Tourism, Culture and Recreation - Government of Newfoundland and Labrador. Artwork by David Preston Smith.