The most obvious feature of the defensive works is a large ditch, some 6.1 metres (20 feet) wide and about 1.2 metres (4 feet) deep that seems to have bordered at least the entire eastern side of the colony.

Between 1992 and 1995 a portion of the 17th-century waterfront was revealed.

Archaeologists, after finding artifacts in one of the lower layers of the site, suspected they may have been made by the Beothuk.

The articles that follow is an attempt to identify the owners of 19 bottle-seal fragments from English glass wine bottles and to provide some insight into the practice of bottle-sealing.

Page 1 showing nine bottle-seal fragments from 17th and 18th century English glass wine bottles unearthed at the Colony of Avalon.

Page 2 showing eight bottle-seal fragments from 18th century English glass wine bottles unearthed at the Colony of Avalon.