Select Bibliography: Environment, Climate, and the 19th-Century Economy

"Agriculture." Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador. Vols. 1-5. St. John's: Newfoundland Book Publishers, 1981-1994. Print.

Alexander, David. "Newfoundland's Traditional Economy and Development to 1934." Newfoundland in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries: Essays in Interpretation. Ed. James Hiller and Peter Neary. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1980. 17-39. Print.

Cadigan, Sean T. Hope and Deception in Conception Bay. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1995. Print.

"Climate." Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador. Vols. 1-5. St. John's: Newfoundland Book Publishers, 1981-1994. Print.

Evans, Fred. "Some Economic, Social, and Cultural Implications of Traditional Subsistence Agriculture." Home Gardening in Newfoundland: Proceedings of a Colloquium Sponsored by The Centre for the Development of Community Initiatives, February 18, 1976. Ed. G.B. Inglis. St. John's: Centre for the Development of Community Initiatives, 1976. 35-40. Print.

"Fauna." Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador. Vols. 1-5. St. John's: Newfoundland Book Publishers, 1981-1994. Print.

"Flora." Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador. Vols. 1-5, St. John's: Newfoundland Book Publishers, 1981-1994. Print.

"Geography." Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador. Vols. 1-5. St. John's: Newfoundland Book Publishers, 1981-1994. Print.

Gray, Pamela Jane. "Traditional Newfoundland Foodways: Origin, Adaptation and Change." MA thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1977. Typescript.

Omohundro, John T. "Efficiency, Sufficiency, and Recent Change in Newfoundland Subsistence Horticulture." Human Ecology 13.3 (1985): 291-308. Print.

---. Rough Food: The Seasons of Subsistence in Northern Newfoundland. St. John's: ISER, 1994. Print.

Sanger, Chesley. "The Evolution of Sealing and the Spread of Permanent Settlement in Northeastern Newfoundland." The Peopling of Newfoundland: Essays in Historical Geography. Ed. John J. Mannion. St. John's: ISER, 1977. 136-151. Print.

Smith, Philip E.L. "In Winter Quarters." Newfoundland Studies 3.1 (1987): 1-36. Print.

---. "Transhumant Europeans Overseas: The Newfoundland Case." Current Anthropology 28.2 (1987): 241-250. Print.