Grade 8 Social Studies: Unit Five - Appendix 13

Primary Documents in Newfoundland and Labrador History

Below is a list of examples of Primary Source Documents that can be found at the Libraries and Archives of Canada and the Provincial Archives of Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's, Newfoundland. Many of these can be found at the Newfoundland and Labrador Heritage Web Site or at Libraries and Archives of Canada.

1. Inuit woman and children, Labrador. (The Rooms Provincial Archives Division B 10-148).

2. William Carson (1770-1843), n.d. Carson, a 19th century Newfoundland reformer and politician, campaigned for representative government. Artist unknown. (The Rooms Provincial Archives Division A 23-91), St. John's, NL.

3. American schooner, n.d. A schooner from Massachusetts off the coast of Newfoundland. (The Rooms Provincial Archives Division A 17-96).

4. Drying Fish, ca. 1890. (The Rooms Provincial Archives Division B 4-39). Possibly the Crosbie Premises, St. John's. For much of its history, St. John's has been an important centre for the collection and export of fish from around Newfoundland and Labrador.

5. Letter to the editor from C. F. Bennett, The Morning Chronicle (St. John's), December 7, 1868. Public Domain.

6. "No Confederation," The Morning Chronicle (St. John's), September 28, 1869, p. 1. Public Domain.

7. "Confederation in Newfoundland," The Newfoundlander (St. John's), October 5, 1869, p. 2. Public Domain.

8. Sons of England Benefit Society (S.O.E.) Outing, July 1898. (The Rooms Provincial Archives Division VA 19-112). Although harsh economic realities were present in the daily lives of many fishing families, the fishing industry made some merchants prosperous. Society outings were important elements of 19th century society for more affluent individuals.

9. House of Assembly in Session c. 1914. (The Rooms Provincial Archives Division C 1-207). Edward Morris, the prime minister and leader of the Peoples Party, is the third person to the left of the Speaker. Unlike most parliamentary legislatures, in Newfoundland the party in power sat to the left of the speaker – because that was where the fireplace was located.

10. Women's Patriotic Association workers at Government House, ca. 1914.(The Rooms Provincial Archives Division B 5-173).

11. D Company, First Newfoundland Regiment, lining rails of SS Stephano, ready to leave for overseas, March 20, 1915. (The Rooms Provincial Archives Division VA 37-23.1).

12. Officers of the First Newfoundland Regiment with British Officers, n.d. (The Rooms Provincial Archives Division F 46-14), St. John's, NL.

13. Colonel Dr. Cluny Macpherson in Egypt, September 1915.(The Rooms Provincial Archives Division, Macpherson Collection A-24-155).

14. VAD printed propaganda, n.d. (From the Ruby Ayre Album, p. 5. Courtesy of the Archives and Special Collections (Coll-322 1.01), QE II Library, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL.)

15. Unveiling the National War Memorial, St. John's, July 1, 1924. (The Rooms Provincial Archives Division NA 15-27).

16. Opening of Beaumont Hamel Park, France, ca. 1925. (The Rooms Provincial Archives Division NA 31-06).

17. National War Memorial, St. John's, ca. 1925. (The Rooms Provincial Archives Division E 23-23).

18. Unveiling the National War Memorial, St. John's, July 1, 1924.(The Rooms Provincial Archives Division E 47-40).

19. Election List, 1855-1934.

20. St. John's, ca. 1939. The struggling country of Newfoundland was hit extremely hard by the Great Depression, which began in 1929. While many Newfoundlanders found themselves unemployed, others worked for low wages. The political and financial instability, coupled with social unrest, made for the Dirty '30s. (The Rooms Provincial Archives Division, Gustav Anderson Collection). From Carmelita McGrath and Kathryn Welbourn, Desperate Measures: The Great Depression in Newfoundland and Labrador, 27.

21. Inauguration of the Commission of Government, February 16, 1934. Newfoundland governor Sir David Murray Anderson speaking at the inauguration of the Commission of Government. (The Rooms Provincial Archives Division B 4-137).

22. "Dictionary of political terms," The Independent, April 5, 1948, p. 7. Public Domain.

23. "Battle song of Newfoundland," The Confederate, May 12, 1948, p. 3. Public Domain.

24. "Voters of Newfoundland," The Independent, May 28, 1948, p. 1. Public Domain.

25. "Too late!," The Independent, June 26, 1948, p. 3. Public Domain.

26. "An Act to approve the Terms of Union of Newfoundland with Canada," Statutes of Canada 1949 (v. I), c. 1, p. 1-21. © Crown. Reproduced with permission of the Department of Justice.

27. "An Act to confirm and give effect to Terms of Union of Newfoundland agreed between Canada and Newfoundland," Statutes of Canada 1949, c. 22, Prefix, p. v-vi. © Crown. Reproduced with permission of the Department of Justice.

28. British North America Act, 1949, Enactment No. 21. Department of Justice Canada.

29. "New province tomorrow: hope, sorrow blend on Confederation eve," The Walrus, Apr. 12, 2009. Reproduced from the Toronto Telegram, March 31, 1949, p. 1 and 3. © Dorothy Howarth. Reproduced with the permission of Dorothy Howarth.

30. "For some, the debate hasn't ended," St. John's Weekly Telegram, March 21, 1999, p. 5.© The Telegram. Reproduced with the permission of The Telegram.